CHAPTER 23 OF 30
Sport & Exercise
4 Sual
25 İdeya
24 Termin
Etiket ideyanın ən uyğun olduğu esse növünü göstərir; ideyanın yalnız həmin növdə istifadə oluna biləcəyi demək deyil.
Hosting international sports events
SUAL
Many countries compete to host major international sporting events. Do the advantages of hosting such events outweigh the disadvantages?
FOR
4
1
A compressed deadline forces infrastructure investment that would otherwise take decades.
AD
2
Global broadcast exposure is advertising a country could not afford to buy.
AD
3
Visible success raises grassroots participation.
AD
4
Hotels, transport and retail see a genuine surge.
AD
AGAINST
5
1
Budgets routinely overrun by multiples of the original estimate.
AD
2
Stadiums become white elephants with no viable use afterwards.
AD
3
Residents are displaced for construction.
AD
4
Security costs are enormous.
AD
5
The economic boost is short-lived and often overstated by the bidding committee.
AD
Banning dangerous sports
SUAL
Dangerous sports such as mountaineering and base jumping should be banned. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
FOR A BAN
3
1
Serious injuries impose costs on public health systems that everyone pays for.
OP
2
Rescue operations put volunteers in danger.
OP
3
Families bear the consequences of a decision they did not make.
OP
AGAINST
4
1
Adults are entitled to accept risks they understand.
OP
2
Equipment and coaching have made these sports far safer than their reputation.
OP
3
Ordinary activities such as driving kill far more people.
OP
4
Challenge and mastery have real psychological value.
OP
Team sports vs individual sports for children
SUAL
Some believe children benefit most from team sports, while others think individual sports are better for them. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
FOR TEAM SPORTS
1
1
Children learn to subordinate their own performance to a shared goal, cooperate with people they did not choose, and handle both winning and losing in company.
DV
FOR INDIVIDUAL SPORTS
4
1
Progress depends visibly on your own effort, which builds self-reliance.
DV
2
Shy children are not exposed to peer judgement.
DV
3
Training fits around family schedules.
DV
4
Children with disabilities are not forced into a team dynamic that excludes them.
DV
Responsibility for children’s exercise
SUAL
Some argue schools are responsible for making sure children exercise, while others say it is the parents’ duty. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
SCHOOLS
1
1
They reach every child regardless of background, have facilities and trained staff, and can make activity a daily habit rather than an occasional treat.
DV
PARENTS
3
1
Habits formed at home outlast school.
DV
2
Children copy what their parents actually do rather than what they say.
DV
3
Only parents control screen time, diet and weekends.
DV
SPORT & EXERCISE · WORD BANK · 24 Termin
Faydalı anlayışlar
& akademik lüğət
Termin · Məna · Kollokasiya və nümunə cümlələr.
01
the host nation
n
The country staging an event.
the host nation invests heavily
02
to be in the limelight
idiom
Universal
To be the centre of public attention.
the country is briefly in the limelight
03
to boost the economy
v
Universal
To make economic activity stronger.
major events boost the economy
04
a bidding process
n
The competition between cities to be chosen as host.
an opaque bidding process
05
a white elephant
n
Universal
Something expensive that turns out to be useless.
stadiums become white elephants
06
a lasting legacy
n
Universal
Benefits that remain long afterwards.
leave a lasting legacy for local sport
07
cost overruns
n
Universal
Spending that exceeds the original budget.
cost overruns of several billion
08
state-of-the-art facilities
n
Universal
Buildings using the most advanced design available.
state-of-the-art training facilities
09
an adrenaline rush
n
A sudden surge of excitement.
climbers describe an adrenaline rush
10
a daredevil
n
Someone who enjoys taking dangerous risks.
a daredevil with no regard for safety
11
to sustain an injury
v
To suffer physical harm.
athletes who sustain lifelong injuries
12
at one’s own risk
idiom
Universal
Accepting responsibility for any harm.
adults take part at their own risk
13
informed consent
n
Universal
Agreement given with full knowledge of the dangers.
participants give informed consent
14
the nanny state
n
A government seen as over-protective of citizens.
critics call it the nanny state
15
safety precautions
n
Universal
Measures taken to prevent accidents.
modern safety precautions
16
team spirit
n
Willingness to cooperate for the group’s good.
team sports build team spirit
17
camaraderie
n
Friendly loyalty among people who do something together.
the camaraderie of a squad
18
self-reliance
n
Universal
The ability to depend on oneself.
individual sports build self-reliance
19
healthy rivalry
n
Competition that pushes people to improve.
healthy rivalry between clubs
20
grassroots sport
n
Sport played at ordinary local level.
fund grassroots sport, not elite squads
21
participation rates
n
The proportion of people taking part.
raise participation rates
22
a trickle-down effect
n
Benefits passing from the top to ordinary people.
the supposed trickle-down effect of elite success
23
physical literacy
n
Competence and confidence in moving one’s body.
build physical literacy in primary school
24
drop-out rates
n
The proportion who stop taking part.
drop-out rates rise sharply at fifteen
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