CHAPTER 14 OF 30
Internet & Computers
7 Sual
74 İdeya
48 Termin
Etiket ideyanın ən uyğun olduğu esse növünü göstərir; ideyanın yalnız həmin növdə istifadə oluna biləcəyi demək deyil.
Social Media Benefit Communication
SUAL
Social media has improved the way people communicate. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
5
1
Social media make spoken and written communication between people possible anytime, anywhere.
OP
2
Anyone can find countless like-minded people worldwide and network with them.
OP
3
With so many people online all the time, messages are often answered almost immediately.
OP
4
People across the globe can connect with anyone to share their thoughts, photographs and life experiences.
OP
5
Social media provide a platform for discussing local and international issues and influencing political decisions.
OP
DISAGREE
5
1
Social media encourage a telegraphic style and a reliance on emoticons to express feelings.
OP
2
Being constantly online cuts people off from their immediate surroundings and disrupts face-to-face communication.
OP
3
How many 'likes' a post gets has become more important than saying anything truly meaningful.
OP
4
People react quickly to express an opinion but rarely engage in constructive dialogue online.
OP
5
Anonymity and the absence of face-to-face interaction promote an uncivil or even aggressive style of communication.
OP
Computers will Replace Teachers
SUAL
Some people believe computers will eventually replace teachers in the classroom. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
6
1
Computers cost less than teachers.
OP
2
Using affordable computers makes education accessible to those in a reduced financial situation.
OP
3
Computers are reliable: they are always on time, never sick and do not make mistakes.
OP
4
Teachers vary in skill, and not all of them are good at their job.
OP
5
Computers can be programmed to be interactive and a fun way to learn.
OP
6
Computers have already become valuable teaching tools in the classroom.
OP
DISAGREE
8
1
Computers are unable to give feedback to students or help them identify their talents.
OP
2
Lessons are set and cannot be adapted to a student's needs.
OP
3
Computers are not able to understand individual differences in learning.
OP
4
Teachers can offer various perspectives on a problem depending on the student.
OP
5
Computers are only as good as the people who programme them.
OP
6
Teachers get to know students individually and take their background into account.
OP
7
Teachers help students learn beyond the basic curriculum and develop qualities such as a sense of right and wrong.
OP
8
Computers are unable to inspire.
OP
The Internet Brings People Closer Together
SUAL
Some argue the internet brings people closer together, while others believe it drives them apart. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
FOR
5
1
You can make affordable or free voice and video calls to friends, relatives and colleagues all over the world.
DV
2
Social networking platforms enable you to join a global community of people who share similar interests.
DV
3
With the internet, tracking down long-lost friends is relatively simple.
DV
4
With a mobile device you can update everyone on what you are doing and where you are at this very moment.
DV
5
Social media help you discover friends you never thought you had.
DV
AGAINST
5
1
We should remember that only about half of the world's population has internet access.
DV
2
The more time you spend online, the less you interact with the people in your immediate surroundings.
DV
3
Our everyday reality is gradually being supplanted by virtual worlds.
DV
4
The internet drives us further apart when we use it to communicate with our neighbours or our office colleagues.
DV
5
Social media platforms are too often used to spread malicious gossip or false information.
DV
Risks for Children Online
SUAL
Children spend an increasing amount of time online. What risks does this create, and what can parents and schools do about them?
PROBLEMS
5
1
Children who are victims of cyberbullying can fall into severe depression.
PS
2
Teens can challenge each other to come into contact with strangers who turn out to be online predators.
PS
3
It is all too easy to access inappropriate websites and explicit images and videos.
PS
4
Computer games are addictive and cause children to neglect their homework.
PS
5
Children may inadvertently reveal personal information, which could result in identity theft.
PS
SOLUTIONS
5
1
Parents need to keep an eye on their children's online activities and talk to them about the dangers involved.
PS
2
Online safety is a component of internet literacy and should be taught in each and every school.
PS
3
Parents and children need to spend more time engaging in leisure activities together.
PS
4
Parents need to talk openly to their children about how to stay safe online.
PS
5
Children need to be taught how to recognise and report inappropriate online behaviour.
PS
Security Online
SUAL
Many people are worried about the security of their personal information online. What are the main risks, and how can individuals protect themselves?
PROBLEMS
5
1
Hackers can get access to computer systems to steal private data and personal information.
PS
2
Petty cybercriminals spread malware and computer viruses just for fun.
PS
3
Businesses often connect their computers into networks, which means malicious attacks can rapidly affect all users.
PS
4
Computer users fall prey to phishing and are deceived into revealing confidential information.
PS
5
People can be easily tricked into following a link or opening an e-mail attachment, in this way giving criminals access to their system.
PS
SOLUTIONS
5
1
All devices should be equipped with a firewall and reliable anti-virus software.
PS
2
Passwords need to be strong and changed regularly.
PS
3
We should never follow a link or open an attachment from a suspicious or unwanted e- mail.
PS
4
We should make sure we use a secure internet connection.
PS
5
We should not share posts from social media indiscriminately.
PS
Online Shopping
SUAL
An increasing number of people do most of their shopping online. Do the advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages?
FOR
5
1
The range of products available online is practically unlimited.
AD
2
Virtually any product you can think of can be delivered straight to your doorstep.
AD
3
Consumers can easily compare prices.
AD
4
Online retailers are open 24/7.
AD
5
Consumers no longer have to spend the best part of the weekend queuing in crowded shopping centres.
AD
AGAINST
5
1
There is no face-to-face interaction with knowledgeable and helpful sales staff, which is part of the pleasure of shopping.
AD
2
Fraud and security breaches remain cause for concern for both consumers and retailers.
AD
3
Shipping is sometimes as expensive as the item you order.
AD
4
You cannot try on or handle the clothes you buy.
AD
5
Once a retailer has got your address, they keep bombarding you with unsolicited e-mails and special offers.
AD
Meeting People Online
SUAL
More and more people form friendships and relationships online. Do the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages?
FOR
5
1
What people share and post online gives a good insight into their mind and character.
AD
2
Online dating websites have already enabled thousands of people worldwide to find a soulmate.
AD
3
We have become too busy to spend time meeting new people and getting to know them properly.
AD
4
You can meet so many people online that you can choose who you really like and would like to get in touch with.
AD
5
Chatting with people online removes the pressure of face-to-face interaction.
AD
AGAINST
5
1
Online predators make friends with people online and then try to scam them.
AD
2
People with bad intentions can track you down once they know your name and the town you live in.
AD
3
There is no way to know who the person you meet online really is.
AD
4
Subscription fees for sites which check for fake user profiles and offer more security can be exorbitant.
AD
5
Meeting people online can become so addictive that we may end up cutting ourselves off from the real world.
AD
INTERNET & COMPUTERS · WORD BANK · 48 Termin
Faydalı anlayışlar
& akademik lüğət
Termin · Məna · Kollokasiya və nümunə cümlələr.
01
a platform
n
Universal
An online service that lets people publish or interact.
social media platforms
02
to disrupt communication
v
To interrupt the normal flow of contact.
notifications disrupt communication
03
to resort to something
v
Universal
To use something because nothing better is available.
people resort to texting instead of talking
04
a telegraphic style
n
Very abbreviated writing that omits words.
messaging encourages a telegraphic style
05
uncivil
adj
Rude and disrespectful.
anonymity makes people uncivil
06
to supplant
v
Universal
To take the place of something else.
video cannot supplant a real teacher
07
to track somebody down
phr v
To find someone after searching.
social media lets you track old friends down
08
to spread false information
v
Universal
To circulate claims that are untrue.
platforms spread false information quickly
09
cyberbullying
n
Using the internet to threaten or humiliate someone.
schools must address cyberbullying
10
an online predator
n
An adult who targets children over the internet.
children are exposed to online predators
11
identity theft
n
Universal
Stealing someone’s personal details to commit fraud.
identity theft is increasingly common
12
internet literacy
n
The skill of using the internet safely and critically.
teach internet literacy from an early age
13
to reveal personal information
v
To give away private details.
children reveal personal information carelessly
14
phishing
n
Fraudulent messages designed to steal your details.
phishing e-mails imitate real banks
15
malware
n
Software written to damage or invade a computer.
malware hidden in downloads
16
a firewall
n
A system that blocks unauthorised network access.
install a firewall
17
anti-virus software
n
Programs that detect and remove harmful software.
keep anti-virus software up to date
18
to fall prey to
v
Universal
To become a victim of something.
older users fall prey to scams
19
confidential information
n
Universal
Details that must be kept private.
confidential information was leaked
20
a security breach
n
An incident where protected data is accessed.
a major security breach
21
unsolicited e-mail
n
Messages sent without being asked for.
filter out unsolicited e-mail
22
to scam somebody
v
To cheat someone out of money.
fake sellers scam online shoppers
23
a fake profile
n
An online account using invented details.
relationships that begin with a fake profile
24
countless
adj
Universal
Too many to be counted.
countless people met their partner online
25
an algorithm
n
Rules a program follows to select or rank content.
the algorithm decides what you see
26
a filter bubble
n
Being shown only content matching your existing views.
trapped in a filter bubble
27
clickbait
n
Content designed only to attract clicks.
sensational clickbait headlines
28
doomscrolling
n
Continuously reading distressing news online.
doomscrolling late into the night
29
an attention span
n
Universal
How long someone can concentrate.
a shrinking attention span
30
instant gratification
n
Universal
The wish to be satisfied immediately.
apps are built around instant gratification
31
a digital footprint
n
The record a person leaves online.
employers check your digital footprint
32
data harvesting
n
Collecting personal information on a large scale.
data harvesting by social platforms
33
targeted advertising
n
Adverts chosen from a user’s own data.
targeted advertising follows you around
34
encryption
n
Coding data so only authorised people can read it.
end-to-end encryption
35
two-factor authentication
n
A second check on top of a password.
enable two-factor authentication
36
to opt out
phr v
Universal
To choose not to take part.
users can opt out of tracking
37
parental controls
n
Settings limiting what children can access.
set parental controls on tablets
38
age verification
n
Checking that a user is old enough.
mandatory age verification
39
content moderation
n
Reviewing and removing harmful posts.
content moderation at scale
40
to go viral
v
To spread very rapidly online.
the clip went viral overnight
41
an influencer
n
Someone paid for their reach on social media.
influencers promote products to teenagers
42
validation
n
Universal
Approval from others that confirms one’s worth.
teenagers seek validation through likes
43
asynchronous
adj
Not happening at the same time.
asynchronous online lessons
44
bandwidth
n
The capacity of an internet connection.
rural areas lack bandwidth
45
open source
adj
Software anyone may use and modify freely.
open-source tools cost nothing
46
a paywall
n
A barrier requiring payment to read content.
quality journalism sits behind a paywall
47
misinformation / disinformation
n
Universal
False information spread unknowingly; spread deliberately.
coordinated disinformation campaigns
48
to flag content
v
To report a post for review.
users can flag harmful content
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