CHAPTER 25 OF 30
Tourism
4 Sual
27 İdeya
24 Termin
Etiket ideyanın ən uyğun olduğu esse növünü göstərir; ideyanın yalnız həmin növdə istifadə oluna biləcəyi demək deyil.
The impact of tourism
SUAL
Tourism is now a major industry in many countries. Do the benefits of tourism outweigh its costs?
BENEFITS
4
1
Foreign currency that developing economies cannot easily earn elsewhere.
AD
2
Employment across skill levels, from guiding to construction.
AD
3
Infrastructure built for visitors that residents also use.
AD
4
Entry fees that fund conservation of the very sites people come to see.
AD
COSTS
4
1
Jobs are often seasonal, low-paid and insecure.
AD
2
Much of the spending leaks back to foreign- owned airlines, hotels and tour operators.
AD
3
Housing in popular cities becomes unaffordable as flats convert to short-term lets.
AD
4
Fragile sites degrade under sheer numbers.
AD
Damage to historical sites
SUAL
Tourism is causing serious damage to historical buildings and sites. What measures could be taken to protect them?
SOLUTIONS
5
1
Timed entry and daily visitor caps.
PS
2
Higher entry fees ring-fenced for restoration.
PS
3
Replicas of the most fragile spaces, as at Lascaux.
PS
4
Better supervision to deter deliberate damage.
PS
5
Dispersing visitors to lesser-known sites nearby.
PS
Do travellers need the local language?
SUAL
People should learn the language of a country before travelling there. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
YES
3
1
Without it you experience a country through intermediaries.
OP
2
You cannot ask for help, read a warning notice or check what is in a dish.
OP
3
Language is where culture actually lives.
OP
NO
4
1
Translation apps and guidebooks handle most practical situations.
OP
2
Not everyone has months to spare before a two-week trip.
OP
3
Gestures and goodwill carry you surprisingly far.
OP
4
Many travellers are not seeking deep cultural immersion.
OP
Ecotourism
SUAL
Some see ecotourism as the future of responsible travel, while others regard it as little more than marketing. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
FOR
3
1
It gives conservation an economic value, so protecting a forest pays better than clearing it.
DV
2
It funds local employment without heavy industry.
DV
3
Visitors leave better informed.
DV
AGAINST
4
1
The label is largely unregulated, so “eco” often means little more than marketing.
DV
2
Small communities become dependent on a single fragile income stream.
DV
3
Even low-impact tourism means flights.
DV
4
Traditions performed for cameras stop being traditions.
DV
TOURISM · WORD BANK · 24 Termin
Faydalı anlayışlar
& akademik lüğət
Termin · Məna · Kollokasiya və nümunə cümlələr.
01
the tourist trade
n
The business of providing for visitors.
the tourist trade supports the town
02
to boost local economies
v
Universal
To make local economic activity stronger.
visitors boost local economies
03
to adversely affect
v
Universal
To harm or damage something.
crowds adversely affect fragile sites
04
an economic downturn
n
Universal
A period when economic activity falls.
tourism collapses in an economic downturn
05
seasonal employment
n
Work available only at certain times of year.
seasonal employment offers no security
06
revenue leakage
n
Money leaving the local economy to foreign owners.
revenue leakage to foreign hotel chains
07
overtourism
n
Having more visitors than a place can handle.
overtourism in historic city centres
08
carrying capacity
n
The number of visitors a site can take safely.
exceed the site’s carrying capacity
09
wear and tear
n
Universal
Damage caused by ordinary repeated use.
wear and tear on ancient stone
10
restoration and conservation
n
Repairing and protecting historic fabric.
fees fund restoration and conservation
11
a visitor cap
n
A limit on how many people may enter.
impose a daily visitor cap
12
timed entry
n
Admission booked for a specific time slot.
timed entry spreads the crowds
13
irreparable damage
n
Universal
Harm that can never be put right.
irreparable damage to the frescoes
14
vandalism
n
Deliberate damage to property.
vandalism at unsupervised sites
15
a package holiday
n
A trip with travel and accommodation sold together.
package holidays to the coast
16
to venture into
v
Universal
To go somewhere unfamiliar or risky.
venture into the old quarter
17
a honeypot site
n
A place that attracts very large numbers of visitors.
honeypot sites in the national park
18
cultural norms
n
Universal
The behaviour a society treats as normal.
respect local cultural norms
19
to cause offence
v
Universal
To upset or insult someone.
clothing that causes offence
20
firsthand experience
n
Universal
Knowledge gained by being there yourself.
no substitute for firsthand experience
21
an armchair traveller
n
Someone who experiences places only through media.
an armchair traveller with a full passport
22
sustainable tourism
n
Travel that does not damage the place visited.
promote sustainable tourism
23
greenwashing
n
Marketing that falsely claims environmental virtue.
“eco” labels are often greenwashing
24
unscrupulous operators
n
Universal
Businesses willing to act dishonestly.
unscrupulous operators exploit the label
Axtarışa uyğun termin tapılmadı.